E-RIDE NIAGARA CCT Driving System

THE NEW MOTOR The MOTORINO™ motors can outperform standard brushless hub or brushless geared motors. Wider and thicker magnets are driven by custom windings to produce 35% more torque than other 500Watt and 750Watt LEV motors. Those windings are sequenced by our new CCT controller- a durable governor which applies power and torque when necessary, while conserving battery reserves when possible. Satisfying both Canadian and American regulations for power-assisted bicycle motors, our MOTORINO DC Brushless Hub motors can climb steeper and longer hills while carrying heavier loads than any competitor. CCT™ Motors and Controllers are available on the new XPh, XPa and XPc models.

THE CCT GEARS The CCT controller has three electronic gears; each presets a maximum speed for the bike. The controller provides power at different frequencies for each gear. To increase torque it provides impulses to the rotor for longer periods at the same current instead of increasing the current over a short period of time, as in a single speed motor. This is why we call the system a Continuous Current Transmission. The rider can change between these three gears on the fly.

THE EVOLUTION OF OUR DRIVING SYSTEM Most full-size e-scooters currently on the market are equipped with Brushless DC (BLDC) hub motors. In order to be driven without license or insurance these motors are limited to 500W in Canada and 750W in the USA. This wattage, hampered by low efficiency, can make for ‘gutless’ performance; emphasizing its designation as a power ‘assisted’ bicycle motor when the rider attempts any significant hill. In March 2007, Greenwit Technologies took steps to change that when it introduced the first electric scooter powered by a side mounted high-RPM 500W motor with DYNATECH™ torque converter to the North American market. These motors could outperform regular hub motors due to the better efficiency of higher RPM BLDC, bringing significantly more torque to the back wheel. The improvement came at cost; the geared system required more maintenance and incurred friction losses. Also the fixed gear ratio prevented independent control of speed and torque. Endeavoring to create a more reliable, more powerful motor Greenwit Technologies introduced their new CCT (Continuous Current Transmission) driving system early in 2008 after several years of development. The CCT’s function is similar to the transmission in a regular drive train; only instead of teeth and pinions, the CCT uses transistors and logic gates. The CCT allows the rider control torque while maintaining the current drawn and consequently maintaining motor efficiency. By allowing the rider to control torque and speed independently we have greatly increased efficiency- high torque is not always necessary, but high speed is always appreciated. When you climb a hill with a regular one-speed hub or geared motor, as the road speed decreases below the motors ideal operating speed the controller will compensate by providing higher current to the motor. This will lower the motor’s efficiency as all BLDC are designed for a specific wattage; it will also drain the battery more quickly and risks overheating the motor and controller. Rather than increasing current to maintain ideal groundspeed, the CCT can simply shift gears to operate at a lower ideal groundspeed by energizing different sequences of stator windings at different frequencies. The same current continues to flow into the motor but it is sent to energize fewer windings for longer intervals, increasing torque. By adjusting the winding sequence and frequency on the fly the CCT driving system can provide higher torque during acceleration and climbs, while preserving a high top speed. Once at speed the momentum of the bike may be enough to carry it up a modest hill without switching gears. On larger hills the rider can wait until the bike begins to slow before switching seamlessly to high torque mode and continuing the climb. While riding downhill the bike can convert its own inertia into current to replenish its batteries by using a highly efficient regenerative braking system. The much larger magnets and unique winding patterns in our motor produce enough stopping power so that the mechanical brakes are nearly made redundant. The most impressive feature of our latest driving system is its reliability. Geared motors are subject to friction damage and require frequent maintenance. Our driving system is completely solid state; the spinning tire and its bearings are the only moving components. The motor and controller are well sealed and resistant to corrosion and can carry a rider for several thousand kilometers without servicing. Substantially larger magnets, combined with the Continuous Current Transmission produce up to 66Nm of torque- enough to propel an 170lb rider up hills over 20 degrees! Although our driving system qualifies as a power ‘assisted’ bicycle, its world beating performance could best be described simply as a powered bicycle. Greenwit is in process of patenting the CCT technology.